WNC Orchard Insect Populations
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Collapse ▲April 22, 2024
Petal Fall Sprays and Upcoming Insect Pests:
The cool weather this week has slowed development and activity of key pests targeted at petal fall. This will expand the window for optimum timing of applications until this weekend or early next week.
Target pests at petal fall include plum curculio, oriental fruit moth (OFM) and, if not controlled before bloom, rosy apple aphid. If mating disruption for codling moth and OFM was deployed before OFM started to fly about the third week of March, insecticidal control may not be necessary. The relative efficacy of insecticides recommended at petal fall are shown in the table below. Note that all insecticides recommended at bloom are toxic to bees, so delay petal fall sprays on those cultivars still in heavy bloom, most likely Romes.
Looking ahead over the next couple of weeks, pests to plan for include San Jose scale between petal fall and first cover, preventive control of European red mite and codling moth.
Relative Efficacy of Insecticides for Petal Fall
( ─ no activity, 1 = least effective, 5 = most effective)
Insecticide (activeingredient |
Plum Curculio |
Oriental Fruit Moth |
Rosy Apple Aphid |
Toxicity to Bees |
| Actara (thiamethoxam) | 5 | 2 | 5 | Highly Toxic |
| Assail (acetamiprid) | 3 | 4 | 5 | Moderately Toxic |
| Belay (chlothianidin) | 4 | 3 | 5 | Highly Toxic |
| Avaunt (Indoxacarb) | 4 | 4 | ─ | Highly Toxic |
| Imidan (phosmet) | 4 | 4 | ─ | Highly Toxic |
| Verdepryn (cyclaniliprole) | 4 | 5 | ─ | Highly Toxic |
| Sevin (carbaryl) | 3 | 3 | ─ | Highly Toxic |
| Voliam Flexi (thiamethoxam + chlorantraniliprole) |
5 | 5 | 5 | Highly Toxic |
Learn more about southeastern apple insect pests at the Apple Insect Management page.
2024 Average Weekly Trap Captures
| HENDERSON COUNTY | |||
| Insects per trap | |||
| Apr 8 | Apr 15 | Apr 22 | |
| Codling moth | 0.0 | 0.5 | 4.5 |
| Oriental fruit moth | 108.5 | 103.0 | 60.0 |
| Tufted apple bud moth | 0.0 | 2.0 | 3.0 |
| Redbanded leafroller | 2.0 | 2.0 | 4.0 |
| Obliquebanded leafroller | setup | 0.0 | 0.0 |
| Lesser appleworm | setup | 0.0 | 0.0 |
| Apple maggot (abandoned and research orchards) | – | – | – |
| Brown marmorated stink bug (commercial) | setup | 1.0 | 0.7 |
| Brown marmorated stink bug (unsprayed) | setup | 0.0 | 0.0 |
| Spotted tentiform leafminer | 2.0 | 2.0 | 2.0 |
| Dogwood borer | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 |
| Peachtree borer | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 |
| Lesser peachtree borer | 0.0 | 3.0 | 4.0 |
| San Jose scale | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 |
*Note that these averages illustrate only the timing of insect emergence and fluctuations in populations, and are not representative of population levels in any given orchard. The only way to have an accurate assessment of an individual orchard’s populations is to set up traps in that orchard.
2024 Accumulated Degree Days
| HENDERSON COUNTY | ||||
| Apr 8 | Apr 15 | Apr 22 | ||
| Codling moth (Biofix: April 15) | – | biofix | 77 | |
| Oriental fruit moth (Biofix: March 15) | 188 | 288 | 401 | |
| Tufted apple bud moth (Biofix: April 15) | – | biofix | 107 | |
2024 Pest Population Trends
PREVIOUS REPORTS
April 15, 2024
Petal Fall Sprays – Have Patience until Bloom Subsides
With a heavy bloom throughout the region, apples vary from full bloom to the petal fall stage. With virtually every orchard containing multiple cultivars, this complicates the timing of petal fall sprays, because both honey bees and wild bees likely will be foraging in the vicinity of drift when spraying. Unfortunately insecticides recommended for key pests at petal fall are highly toxic to bees, so insecticide sprays should be delayed until:
1) >80% petals have dropped
2) bees are not flying in orchards susceptible to drift
3) bees have been removed from orchards
Be sure to check labels on precautions to avoid bee kills, because the wording varies among products.
Relative Efficacy of Insecticides for Petal Fall
( ─ no activity, 1 = least effective, 5 = most effective)
Insecticide (activeingredient |
Plum Curculio |
Oriental Fruit Moth |
Rosy Apple Aphid |
Toxicity to Bees |
| Actara (thiamethoxam) | 5 | 2 | 5 | Highly Toxic |
| Assail (acetamiprid) | 3 | 4 | 5 | Moderately Toxic |
| Belay (chlothianidin) | 4 | 3 | 5 | Highly Toxic |
| Avaunt (Indoxacarb) | 4 | 4 | ─ | Highly Toxic |
| Imidan (phosmet) | 4 | 4 | ─ | Highly Toxic |
| Verdepryn (cyclaniliprole) | 4 | 5 | ─ | Highly Toxic |
| Sevin (carbaryl) | 3 | 3 | ─ | Highly Toxic |
| Voliam Flexi (thiamethoxam + chlorantraniliprole) |
5 | 5 | 5 | Highly Toxic |
Learn more about southeastern apple insect pests at the Apple Insect Management page.
2024 Average Weekly Trap Captures
| HENDERSON COUNTY | |||
| Insects per trap | |||
| Apr 1 | Apr 8 | Apr 15 | |
| Codling moth | setup | 0.0 | 0.5 |
| Oriental fruit moth | 100.0 | 108.5 | 103.0 |
| Tufted apple bud moth | setup | 0.0 | 2.0 |
| Redbanded leafroller | 1.0 | 2.0 | 2.0 |
| Obliquebanded leafroller | – | setup | 0.0 |
| Lesser appleworm | – | setup | 0.0 |
| Apple maggot (abandoned and research orchards) | – | – | – |
| Brown marmorated stink bug (commercial) | – | setup | 1.0 |
| Brown marmorated stink bug (unsprayed) | – | setup | 0.0 |
| Spotted tentiform leafminer | 0.0 | 2.0 | 2.0 |
| Dogwood borer | setup | 0.0 | 0.0 |
| Peachtree borer | setup | 0.0 | 0.0 |
| Lesser peachtree borer | setup | 0.0 | 3.0 |
| San Jose scale | setup | 0.0 | 0.0 |
*Note that these averages illustrate only the timing of insect emergence and fluctuations in populations, and are not representative of population levels in any given orchard. The only way to have an accurate assessment of an individual orchard’s populations is to set up traps in that orchard.
2024 Accumulated Degree Days
| HENDERSON COUNTY | ||||
| Apr 1 | Apr 8 | Apr 15 | ||
| Codling moth (Biofix: April 15) | – | – | biofix | |
| Oriental fruit moth (Biofix: March 15) | 137 | 188 | 288 | |
| Tufted apple bud moth (Biofix: April 15) | – | – | biofix | |
April 8, 2024
Learn more about southeastern apple insect pests at the Apple Insect Management page.
2024 Average Weekly Trap Captures
| HENDERSON COUNTY | |||
| Insects per trap | |||
| Mar 25 | Apr 1 | Apr 8 | |
| Codling moth | – | setup | 0.0 |
| Oriental fruit moth | 35.0 | 100.0 | 108.5 |
| Tufted apple bud moth | – | setup | 0.0 |
| Redbanded leafroller | 2.0 | 1.0 | 2.0 |
| Obliquebanded leafroller | – | – | setup |
| Lesser appleworm | – | – | setup |
| Apple maggot (abandoned and research orchards) | – | – | – |
| Brown marmorated stink bug (commercial) | – | – | setup |
| Brown marmorated stink bug (unsprayed) | – | – | setup |
| Spotted tentiform leafminer | 0.0 | 0.0 | 2.0 |
| Dogwood borer | – | setup | 0.0 |
| Peachtree borer | – | setup | 0.0 |
| Lesser peachtree borer | – | setup | 0.0 |
| San Jose scale | – | setup | 0.0 |
*Note that these averages illustrate only the timing of insect emergence and fluctuations in populations, and are not representative of population levels in any given orchard. The only way to have an accurate assessment of an individual orchard’s populations is to set up traps in that orchard.
April 1, 2024
Learn more about southeastern apple insect pests at the Apple Insect Management page.
2024 Average Weekly Trap Captures
| HENDERSON COUNTY | |||
| Insects per trap | |||
| Mar 18 | Mar 25 | Apr 1 | |
| Codling moth | – | – | setup |
| Oriental fruit moth | 27.0 | 35.0 | 100.0 |
| Tufted apple bud moth | – | – | setup |
| Redbanded leafroller | 10.0 | 2.0 | 1.0 |
| Obliquebanded leafroller | – | – | – |
| Lesser appleworm | – | – | – |
| Apple maggot (abandoned and research orchards) | – | – | – |
| Brown marmorated stink bug (commercial) | – | – | – |
| Brown marmorated stink bug (unsprayed) | – | – | – |
| Spotted tentiform leafminer | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 |
| Dogwood borer | – | – | setup |
| Peachtree borer | – | – | setup |
| Lesser peachtree borer | – | – | setup |
| San Jose scale | – | – | setup |
*Note that these averages illustrate only the timing of insect emergence and fluctuations in populations, and are not representative of population levels in any given orchard. The only way to have an accurate assessment of an individual orchard’s populations is to set up traps in that orchard.
2024 Accumulated Degree Days
| HENDERSON COUNTY | ||||
| Mar 18 | Mar 25 | Apr 1 | ||
| Codling moth (Biofix: TBD) | – | – | – | |
| Oriental fruit moth (Biofix: March 15) | 31 | 68 | 137 | |
| Tufted apple bud moth (Biofix: TBD) | – | – | – | |
March 25, 2024
2024 Average Weekly Trap Captures
–
| HENDERSON COUNTY | |||
| Insects per trap | |||
| Mar 13 | Mar 18 | Mar 25 | |
| Codling moth | – | – | – |
| Oriental fruit moth | 0.0 | 27.0 | 35.0 |
| Tufted apple bud moth | – | – | – |
| Redbanded leafroller | 12.0 | 10.0 | 2.0 |
| Obliquebanded leafroller | – | – | – |
| Lesser appleworm | – | – | – |
| Apple maggot (abandoned and research orchards) | – | – | – |
| Brown marmorated stink bug (commercial) | – | – | – |
| Brown marmorated stink bug (unsprayed) | – | – | – |
| Spotted tentiform leafminer | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 |
| Dogwood borer | – | – | – |
| Peachtree borer | – | – | – |
| Lesser peachtree borer | – | – | – |
| San Jose scale | – | – | – |
*Note that these averages illustrate only the timing of insect emergence and fluctuations in populations, and are not representative of population levels in any given orchard. The only way to have an accurate assessment of an individual orchard’s populations is to set up traps in that orchard.
2024 Accumulated Degree Days
| HENDERSON COUNTY | ||||
| Mar 13 | Mar 18 | Mar 25 | ||
| Codling moth (Biofix: TBD) | – | – | – | |
| Oriental fruit moth (Biofix: March 15) | – | 31 | 68 | |
| Tufted apple bud moth (Biofix: TBD) | – | – | – | |
March 18, 2024
2024 Average Weekly Trap Captures
–
| HENDERSON COUNTY | |||
| Insects per trap | |||
| Mar 8 |
Mar 13 | Mar 18 | |
| Codling moth | – | – | – |
| Oriental fruit moth | – | 0.0 | 27.0 |
| Tufted apple bud moth | – | – | – |
| Redbanded leafroller | – | 12.0 | 10.0 |
| Obliquebanded leafroller | – | – | – |
| Lesser appleworm | – | – | – |
| Apple maggot (abandoned and research orchards) | – | – | – |
| Brown marmorated stink bug (commercial) | – | – | – |
| Brown marmorated stink bug (unsprayed) | – | – | – |
| Spotted tentiform leafminer | – | 0.0 | 0.0 |
| Dogwood borer | – | – | – |
| Peachtree borer | – | – | – |
| Lesser peachtree borer | – | – | – |
| San Jose scale | – | – | – |
*Note that these averages illustrate only the timing of insect emergence and fluctuations in populations, and are not representative of population levels in any given orchard. The only way to have an accurate assessment of an individual orchard’s populations is to set up traps in that orchard.
2024 Accumulated Degree Days
| HENDERSON COUNTY | ||||
| Mar 8 |
Mar 13 | Mar 18 | ||
| Codling moth (Biofix: TBD) | – | – | – | |
| Oriental fruit moth (Biofix: March 15) | – | – | 31 | |
| Tufted apple bud moth (Biofix: TBD) | – | – | – | |